Rose Rosette Disease (RRD) continues to be a significant concern for rose enthusiasts in the Dallas-Fort Worth area and across North Texas. This section will provide essential information about RRD, its symptoms, and how to manage it in your garden.
What is Rose Rosette Disease?
Rose Rosette Disease is a viral infection that affects all roses. There are no rose varieties that are immune. It caused by the Rose Rosette Virus (RRV) and is spread by a microscopic mite called Phyllocoptes fructiphilus. The disease was first observed in wild roses east of the Rocky Mountains over 80 years ago but became a widespread threat in North Texas around 2010.
It's not possible to cure Rose Rosette Disease. Once the plant is infected, it will die slowly over a period of months or years.
Recognizing Rose Rosette Disease
Symptoms of RRD can vary but typically include:
"Witches' brooms" - clusters of small shoots forming a broom-like appearance
Excessive thorniness on stems
Thickened, rubbery stems that don't mature properly
Distorted or discolored buds that fail to open
Red leaf mottling that persists as leaves mature
Stunted growth and eventual dieback of the plant
Responding to Rose Rosette Disease
Continuously monitor all your roses for symptoms. (Be aware that plants can be infected for without displaying symptoms.) If you suspect your roses have RRD:
1. Confirm the diagnosis: Take photos and consult with your local nursery or extension office for verification.
2. Remove infected plants: Once confirmed, remove the entire plant, including the roots. Place the plant in a sealed plastic bag before digging it up to prevent mite spread.
3. Dispose properly: Put the bagged plant in the trash. Do not compost or use city compost carts.
4. Wait before replanting: If you choose to replant roses, wait at least a month and consider planting in a different location.
Prevention and Management
Unfortunately, there is no cure for RRD. However, you can take steps to reduce the risk:
1. Space roses apart: Plant roses 4 to 6 feet apart to reduce mite transmission. Don't allow your roses to over lap with each other. Allow at least 1 to 2 feet of space in between them.
2. Use companion plants: Intersperse roses with perennials or ornamental grasses to create barriers against wind-borne mites.
3. Regular inspections: Monitor your roses frequently for early signs of infection.
4. Prune heavily in winter: This can help remove overwintering mites.
5. Maintain plant health: Well-nourished plants may be more resistant to infection.
6. Consider alternatives: In heavily affected areas, consider planting resistant perennials or dwarf crape myrtles instead of roses.
While Rose Rosette Disease poses a significant challenge to rose growers in North Texas, staying informed and vigilant can help protect your garden. By understanding the disease and taking prompt action when necessary, you can continue to enjoy roses in your landscape despite this threat.